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Acid sulfate soils 1:250 000
Acid Sulfate Soils 1:250 000 map product shows an interpretation of ASS occurrence in Finland classified in to four classes according to probability of occurrence; High, Moderate, Small and Very Small. The maps are based on field observations, laboratory analysis of the sediment samples and interpretation of i.a aerogeophysics and Quaternary Geology Maps. Acid Sulfate Soils 1:250 000 Study Sites shows the location study sites and the depth of the sulfide layer from the ground surface. There are two different types of observation points; Profile Points and Mapping points. Profile points give a more detailed description of the site and user can find an additional factsheet including the field observations and the result s of the chemical analyses linked to the point. The Preliminary interpretation of ASS occurrence 1:1 000 000 map shows the probability off ASS occurrence in Finland based on quantitative multivariate modeling.
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Acid sulfate soils 1:250 000 factsheets
Acid Sulfate Soils 1:250 000 Factsheets show the detailed information on sediment coring and the laboratory sample analyses on observation points. The observations on the coring sites include lithostratigraphic description, pictures of the cores and field pH-measurements. The laboratory results include the pH-icubation results and the total sulfur content of the samples. The information of the Factsheets can be used in small scale planning of land use along with the Acid Sulfate Soils 1:250 000 maps and study sites.
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Aeroelectromagnetic apparent resistivity map of Finland
Low altitude aeroelectromagnetic in-phase and quadrature components were transformed to apparent resisitivity using a half-space model. Apparent resistivity values were interpolated to 50m x 50 m grid and mao is represented as color scale and cover whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends.
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Aeroelectromagnetic imaginary component map of Finland
Low altitude aeroelectromagnetic quadrature (imaginary) maps (pseudo color) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aeroelectromagnetic raster data of Finland
Low altitude aeroelectromagnetic quadrature (imaginary), in phase (real) and apparent resistivity grid data (pixel size 50mx50m) covering whole Finland.Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends.
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Aeroelectromagnetic ratio map of Finland
Low altitude aeroelectromagnetic ratio map (in-phase and quadrature) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends.
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Aeroelectromagnetic real component map of Finland
Low altitude aeroelectromagnetic real component maps (color) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aerogeophysical low altitude maps 1:20 000
The GTK has carried out systematic aerogeophysical low-altitude surveys during 1972-2007. The flight altitude has been 30-40 m, the nominal flight line spacing 200 m and sample distance along the survey line 6-50 m. The geophysical parameters measured are the Earth's magnetic field, the electromagnetic field and natural gamma radiation. Magnetic measurements determine the Earth's magnetic field strength (magnetic flux), obtaining the total magnetic intensity of the Earth's magnetic field as a parameter. Airborne electromagnetic measurements give information about the electrical properties of the ground. Measured components are real (in-phase) and imaginary (quadrature) components. Also apparent resistivity is calculated using a half space model. Airborne radiometric methods measure natural gamma-ray radiation emitted from the ground. In nature there are around 50 different radioactive elements and isotopes of which Uranium (U238), thorium (Th232) and potassium (K40) are measured.
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Aerogeophysical low altitude survey flight lines and areas
Dataset contains GTK's regional aerogeophysical low altitude survey flight lines and areas. It provides metadata related to each flight area e.g. time frame of survey, name, flight direction and size of the flight areas. The aerogeophysical low altitude survey data is delivered by tailored order (geodata@gtk.fi). It includes magnetic total field, electromagnetic and radiometric gamma-ray measurements in Geosoft xyz or Geosoft GRD or ErMapper ERS format. The original coordinate system is Finland Zone 2-4. The XYZ data is delivered by survey flight areas in Geosoft XYZ format with all measured geophysical parameters and the price is 60,11 €/100 km² (+VAT). The free loadable product contains prices for each flight area. The interpolated and level corrected data in 50x50 m pixel size is delivered in Geosoft GRD or ErMapper ERS format. The pricing principle is 60,11 €/1000 km²(+VAT) for all components separately (minimum size of data extraction is 10kmx10km).
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Aeromagnetic anomaly map of Finland
Low altitude aeromagnetic anomaly grayscale and colour map covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aeromagnetic raster data of Finland
Low altitude aeromagnetic anomaly grid data (pixel size 50mx50m) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends.
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Aeroradiometric potassium map of Finland
Low altitude aeroradiometric potassium maps (pseudo color) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aeroradiometric raster data of Finland
Low altitude aeroradiometric potassium,thorium, uranium and total count grid data (pixel size 50mx50m) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends.
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Aeroradiometric ternary map of Finland
Low altitude aeroradiometric ternarymap (potassium:red, thorium:green, uranium:blue) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aeroradiometric thorium map of Finland
Low altitude aeroradiometric thorium maps (pseudo color) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aeroradiometric total count map of Finland
Low altitude aeroradiometric total count maps (pseudo color) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aeroradiometric uranium map of Finland
Low altitude aeroradiometric uranium maps (grayscale and pseudo color) covering whole Finland. Aerogeophysical surveys were carried out during 1973-2007. The nominal flight alitude was 40 meters and flight line spacing 200 meters. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The choice of standard flight direction (North-South and East-West) was made to suit the main geological trends
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Aggregate sand and gravel
Aggregate sand and gravel -product contains data from the sand and gravel deposits and the sediment types above the groundwater table (aggregate sand and gravel above the groundwater table, maa_aines_pv_ylapuoli, and main grain size above the groundwater table, maa_aines_lajite_pv_ylapuoli). The layers include information about the type of deposits, the base level of the deposits, the amount of sand and gravel aggregates and the main grain sizes. The sand and gravel aggregate survey is focused on the sand, gravel and a minor extent in the till. The most significant sand and gravel resources are in the glaciofluvial deposits as eskers, deltas, sandurs, glaciofluvial ice-marginal formations, river- and beach deposits. The minimum polygon size of the deposit is two hectares and the minimum thickness of the layer above the groundwater table is 1.5 meters.
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Ancient shorelines
The Ancient shoreline -product is based on systematic gathering and classification of site-specific data points from the literature as well as interpretation of new sites. The gathered information consists mostly of highest shoreline and Litorina Sea isolation and shoreline landform observations in Finland. The product is comprised of two separate databases, the isolation database and the shoreline landform database, of which the former is for dated peat and gyttja of isolated lake basins and mires and the latter for different types of landforms representing ancient shorelines. Stored information contains data points and polygon of the maximum extension for the Litorina Sea and for the highest shoreline of the Baltic Sea basin in Finland, as well as their isobases. It also contains polygons of the well-known local ice lakes: the Ilomantsi Ice Lake, the Saimaa-Sääminki Ice Lake, the Pielinen Ice Lake, the Sotkamo Ice Lake, and various ice-dammed lakes in Northern Finland.
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Archived thin and polished sections
GTK archives contain thin sections, polished thin sections and polished sections made from bedrock samples. These samples have been collected by GTK's bedrock mapping and exploration projects, and by Lapin Malmi and Outokumpu exploration projects. Finnish universities have occasionally relinquished thin sections prepared for their own research projects to GTK. The total number of archived thin sections is over 150 000.
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Bedrock aggregate
The map product Bedrock aggregate provides information on locations, volumes, and quality characteristics of potential deposits of crushed stone aggregate in scales of 1:20 000 - 1:50 000. The product contains area data Bedrock aggregate suitability, and point data Bedrock aggregate test results.
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Bedrock black shale data
The black shales of Finland are Precambrian metasedimentary rocks rich in organic carbon and sulphur. They contain > 1% organic, mainly graphitic, carbon and > 1% sulphur. The interpretation of the distribution of black shales was based on regional airborne electromagnetic and magnetic data, verified with geological observations from outcrops and bedrock drilling. The black shales covering the whole country are shown with lines. They were classified into two categories; Interpreted: Units interpreted with geophysical measurements and Verified: Black shale units verified with drill cores and/or bedrock outcrops. Altogether 467 samples were selected from 76 prospects for petrophysical measurements and chemical analyses. The data was classified with the multidimensional non-parametric statistical classification method (NMDS) which divided the black shale data into five categories. The results of chemical analyses, petrophysical properties and NMDS classification are presented in a data.
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Bedrock blocks
In the product Bedrock blocks the bedrock is divided into areas that differ from each other by their geological properties, in the Capital area. The subareas or blocks of bedrock have been defined using structural geological interpretation. The basis is the polyphased deformational development of the earth crust. The bedrock has been divided into blocks which are bordered by shear or fault zones. Each block mainly has a uniform distribution of rock types and tectonic structure. The construction suitability of bedrock blocks is described using a classification of joint properties. The dataset is suitable for use in the planning stage of bedrock construction.
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Bedrock drilling
Deep drill holes database contains geographical information for nearly 30 000 deep drill holes. Drilling data has been mainly produced by Geological Survey of Finland and Outokumpu Oy bedrock mapping and exploration activites since 1920. Hyperspectral data have been acquired from some of the drill cores. The downloadable product contains only the basic information and the separate sample zip-files of hyperspectral data, the purchasable data (measurements, logs, assays, hyperspectral data) inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi
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Bedrock observation data
Bedrock observation data contain the geological mapping data of whole Finland outcrops produced by the Geological Survey of Finland and Outokumpu Oy. The most common data noted are the lithologies and their relative abundances, the structures that occur in the rock and tectonic measurements. The data sets from different sources are not commensurable and the nature of the data quality is partly lacking. The product does not contain geochemical assay and petrophysical measurements and the bedrock observation descriptions. The geochemical assay and petrophysical measurements and the bedrock observation descriptions can be purchased separately by the area of interest. The tailored data delivering by customized area selection inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Bedrock observations
Bedrock observations contains geographical data for the geological mapping data. Observation data has been produced by Geological Survey of Finland and Outokumpu Oy bedrock mapping and exploration activites since the beginning of 2000 century. The updated product contains basic information of outcrops linked to available outcrop pictures (photo or observation form), samples, availability of geochemical assays and petrophysical measurements and availability of descriptions of outcrops and rock observations. At the observation site, there may be a single outcrop, an outcrop group, frost-shattered bedrock, a rock profile, an investigation trench and a rock-cutting or quarry. The geochemical assay and petrophysical measurement data and the descriptions of outcrops and rock observations can be purchased separately by the area of interest. The tailored data delivering by customized area selection inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Bedrock of Finland 1:1 000 000
Bedrock of Finland 1:1 000 000 is a unified bedrock map dataset covering entire Finland. It was compiled by generalisation of the 1:200 000 scale bedrock data.The dataset consists of a lithological / unit polygon layer and linear layers in which dykes and faults are represented, and geophysical as well as structural features are represented as form lines. The unit polygon layer includes rock types, rock classifications, stratigraphic unit codes according to the Finnish database (Finstrati), and geological time periods. Interpretations of orogenic stage as well as tectonic environment according to international (CGI) and GTK classifications have been added. The line layers have their own hierarchical classifications. The structural line layer has been re-interpreted, and it is more precise than 1:1 000 000 scale. The layer files in Finnish, Swedish and English are included in the product.
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Bedrock of Finland 1:200 000
Bedrock of Finland 1:200 000 is a unified bedrock map dataset covering the whole Finland. It has been compiled by generalising the scale-free bedrock map feature dataset. The dataset consists of a lithological/stratigraphic geological unit polygon layer and linear layers, fault structures, fold structures, form lines, black shales, and plot swarms. The dataset also includes an origin of the data and a quality estimation of the data polygon layers. The stratigraphic geological unit polygon layer includes period data and lithological codes according to the Finnish database for stratigraphic geological units (Finstrati). The line levels have their own hierarchical classifications. The dataset also includes lithotectonic and tectonostratigraphic units.
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Bedrock of Finland 1:5 000 000 / 1:10 000 000
Bedrock of Finland 1:5 000 000 /1:10 000 000 (5M/10M) is a unified bedrock map dataset covering the entire Finland. It has been made by generalising the Bedrock of Finland 1:1 000 000 spatial dataset. Data are in ETRS-TM35FIN -coordinates. Data consists of polygon layer containing the rock names and upper level stratigrafic units and line layers for dyke rocks and faults. Content and processing have been described in report by Mikkola (2017 <http://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/50_2017.pdf>). Data contains information about age groups and lithostratigrafic units defined in Finstrati (for 5M scale) and classification according to the Generalised bedrock map of Finland 1:1 000 000. Simplified geological classification was created for the scales 5 M and 10M.
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Bedrock of Finland 1:5 000 000
The 1:5 000 000 dataset on Finnish bedrock was completed in 1998 as a generalisation of the data in the Suomen kallioperäkartta - Berggrundskarta över Finland - Bedrock map of Finland 1:1 000 000. It depicts the rocks in the Finnish bedrock by age group. The map data also contains alkaline rocks and carbonatites. Fault structures, dyke swarms, meteorite impacts and kimberlite areas are presented as separate files. The legend associated with the dataset was updated in 2008. The layer files of Finnish and English language are included in the product.
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Bedrock of Finland scale-free
Bedrock of Finland scale-free includes the most accurate bedrock map dataset covering the whole Finland. The dataset consists of a lithological / stratigraphic geological unit polygon layer and linear layers, in which faults, diverse overprinting lines and dykes are represented. The dataset also includes an origin of the data and a quality estimation of the data polygon layers. The stratigraphic geological unit polygon layer includes period data and lithological codes according to the Finnish database for stratigraphic geological units (Finstrati). Structural geological levels include a classification according to the Finnish Bedrock Structural Database (Finstruct).
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Bedrock structural interpretation 1:100 000
This data set present structural interpretation with time aspect. The data set contain hierarchical fault lines from the Bedrock of Finland 1:200 000 divided into age categories. The data set contain also fold axis planes and structural form lines. Faults and folds are categorized into five age classes. Some faults have been active in several stages. The scale of use of the spatial dataset is 1:50 000- 250 000. Raahe-Lagoda zone is a test area. In the future the data set will cover whole Finland.
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Bedrock surface 1:1 000 000
The data is an overview of the elevation of the Finnish bedrock. The data is based on observations of the bedrock surface level, the height variation of which in Finnish conditions is known to be considerably high even within a small area. The bedrock elevation model is based on The superficial deposits thickness 1:1 000 000 data (GTK), the Digital elevation data 200 m x 200 m (National Land Survey of Finland) and the local bedrock elevation levels modelled in the Glaciofluvial deposit modelling projects conducted by GTK. The grid size for Bedrock surface 1:1 000 000 is 250 metres. The bedrock elevation model 1:1 000 000 is by nature generalized and interpolated information on a small scale and is not intended for targeted consideration.
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Bedrock surface from gravity interpretations
The data consists of bedrock topography, which is interpreted of results of gravity measurements. The interpretations are mainly done in studying groundwater areas, but it can also be used in other surficial or bedrock geological studies. The accuracy of the interpretation depends on the soil thickness and the distance between the measure points. The densities of the soil layer and underlying bedrock are assumed to be constant.
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Bedrock weakness zones
The bedrock weakness zones is an interpretation of the linear fragmented structures of the bedrock of Helsinki at a scale of 1:50 000. The weakness zones are classified according to construction suitability class. Construction suitability class is an interpretation derived from a variety of datasets and depicts possible occurrences of characteristics that have detrimental impacts on construction suitability. The attribute data also includes grounds for interpretation and the data source. Some of the weakness zone interpretations include GTK’s survey observation point(s). Their codes and the observed fault structure type are included in the attribute data. Using the code (OBSERVATION_ID / Havaintotunnus) observation data can be found from the GTK bedrock observations. 19.2.2020 Update to Version 2.0
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Boulder observation
The boulder observations are produced in the GTK's own programmes (bedrock mapping, ore exploration) and in previous made exploration activities of Outokumpu Oy, Rautaruuki Oy and Lapin Malmi Oy. The data sets from different sources are not commensurable and information on the quality of the data is partly lacking. Chemical analysis and geophysical measurement results are chargeable material.
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Clay areas and depths
Clay distribution in Helsinki, Espoo and Vantaa area and clay depth in Helsinki and Espoo (1:10 000) has been produced from Helsinki metropolitan area municipalities soil maps. The congruent clay distribution and clay depth dataset provides a general overview on the regional variation of clay distribution and depth in Helsinki metropolitan area. The clay depth data is classified into 6 depth classes (1-3m, 3-5m, 5-10m, 10-15m, 15-20m, >20m).
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Construction conditions of superficial deposits
The interpretation of construction condition characteristics is formed using superficial deposit data, estimated thicknesses of fine-grained sediments and a slope data calculated from elevation model. Classification and datasets of construction condition maps varies according to the processing history. The classifications of the construction condition maps are based on specified by VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland) published in the Civil Engineering Ground Survey Guidelines. It should be noted that for all areas construction condition of superficial deposits are only directive.
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Detailed aerogeophysical images
The GTK has carried out detailed aerogeophysical low-altitude surveys during 2001-2008. The flight altitude (main terrain clearance) has been 30-40 m and the flight line spacing has been 50 - 100 m. Sample distance along the survey line has been 6-50 m depending on registration rate. The flight direction was selected perpendicular to the main geological structures. The geophysical parameters measured are the Earth's magnetic field, the electromagnetic field and natural gamma radiation.
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Detailed aerogeophysical survey data
Since 2000 several contractors (GTK, Fugro, Geotech, Bell Geospace) have carried out detailed aerogeophysical magnetic, electromagnetic and radiometric surveys in Finland to assist geological mapping and mineral exploration. The flight altitude and the flight line spacing varied by measuring area. The flight direction was mainly selected perpendicular to the main geological structures.The more detailed descriptions of measurement are available in the technical reports. The price for the intended area can be seen by selecting the measurement area with the area selection tool.
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Detailed till geochemistry, GTK
Gtk local scale geochemistry contains sample information of soil sampling done by Geological Survey of Finland. The data has been collected for exploration purposes. Sampling has started in 1970 and it still continues. The downloadable product contains only the basic information, the purchasable data (assays) inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Detailed till geochemistry, OKU
Oku local scale geochemistry contains sample information of soil sampling done by Rautaruukki Oy, Lapin Malmi Oy and Outokumpu Oy. The data has been collected for exploration purposes. Sampling has been done approximately in years 1970-1998. The downloadable product contains only the basic information, the purchasable data (assays) inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Expired claim and exploration permits
Expired exploration permits contains historical information about expired mineral exploration claims and permits granted upon the Finnish mining law. The dataset contains a expired claim or exploration permit area as polygon, the attributes related to this specific area and the hyperlink to the mineral exploration report, if such a report has been relinquished. The dataset contains material since 1948 forward. The source material are the documents stored to GTK's terminal archive and the Mining Register map files produced by Ministry of Trade and Industry, Ministry of Employment and Economy and Finnish Safety and Chemicals Agency. The dataset is not comprehensive and there is inadequate information in older claim areas. The purpose of the dataset is to facilitate the use of relinquished exploration reports.
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Finnish part of the Bouguer anomaly grid of Fennoscandian shield
The Bouguer anomaly grid of Finland contains the Finnish section of the Bouguer anomaly map of the Fennoscandian Shield, 1: 2 000 000 (res.2.5 km x 2.5 km), published in 2002. The origin of Finnish section of the map is the regional gravity data of the Finnish Geodetic Institute and the Geological Survey of Finland. The Fennoscandian Bouguer anomaly map was published as a cooperation project between geological surveys of Finland, Sweden Norway and Estonia, the Institute of Geology at Tallinn Technical University, the Finnish Geodetic Institute, the National Land Survey of Sweden, the Norwegian Mapping Authority and the Northwest Regional Geological Centre of Russia with its subsidiary companies. Each party owns the copyright and is responsible for delivering of their own material. GTK deliver only the Finnish part of the grid. In addition to the original grid, ECW, ERS and GRD formats (in epsg:3067) and the Fennoscandian Bouguer anomaly map in pdf format (1:2M) is included.
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Generalized Bedrock of Finland 1:1 000 000
Generalized bedrock map of Finland 1:1 000 000 is a unified bedrock map dataset covering entire Finland. It is based on the Bedrock of Finland 1:1 000 000 dataset (BEDROC.Bedrock_Map_1M_FDS). The dataset consist of polygon layer containing the lithological areas, linear layers containing dykes and faults as well as point layers containing the kimberlite intrusions and meteorite impact sites. Material is in the ETRS-TM35-FIN -coordinate system. The polygon layer includes generalized lithological association and age data on general level in three languages (Finnish, Swedish and English). The dyke layer includes the mafic dyke swarms classified into three age groups. Faults have been divided into three categories: strike-slip, normal and thrust faults. Meteorite impact layer contains, in addition to the location, only the name of the crater. Kimberlite intrusions have been divided into two age groups. The layer files in Finnish, Swedish and English are included in the product.
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Geochemical atlas of Finland
This product contains the regional geochemical mapping data: The Till Geochemical Mapping data set gives information on the concentrations of 37 elements in unaltered basal till. The samples have been taken in 1983 from an unaltered basal till (C horizon) below the groundwater table. The sampling depth was 50 - 200 cm and the average sampling density one sample per 300 km². The samples are composite field samples. The Stream Sediment Geochemical Mapping data set gives information on the elemental concentrations in the organic sediments of the small headwater streams. The Stream Water Geochemical Mapping data set gives information on the elemental concentrations and physical properties in the water of the small headwater streams. The stream sediment and water samples have been taken from the small headwater streams (catchment area under 30 km2) in the late summer of 1990. Sampling has been repeated for about every fourth point during the years 1995, 2000 and 2006.
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Geochemical provinces
Geochemical provinces with elevated baseline concentrations were delineated to provide regional geochemical baseline values. The nationwide geochemical datasets were used to divide Finland into geochemical provinces. Several metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, V, and Zn) showed anomalous concentrations in seven regions that were defined as metal provinces. Arsenic did not follow a similar distribution to any other elements, and four arsenic provinces were separately determined.
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Geological map of Finland, pre-quaternary 1:100 000
The 1:100 000 scale bedrock map data of the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) include mate-rial produced during 1948-2007 for the needs of the mapping of mineral resources, for the sus-tainable exploitation of aggregate resources and for scientific research. These data include lithological information as polygons , bedrock observation points and drilling sites as well as es-sential tectonic observations, and information on lithological primary structures, ore minerals and metamorphic index minerals. Some 1:100 000 map sheets give both stratigraphical information as well as lithological data. An explanatory text accompanies most map sheets.
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Geological map of the Fennoscandian Shield, Finnish section
The Geological Map of the Fennoscandian Shield Cooperation Project began in 1998 and ended in 2001. Data contains lithologies as areas, dykes and tec-tonic features as lines, impact craters as points and kimberlite provinces as areas. The scale of use of the map data is 1:1 000 000. The scanned (jpg) and georeferenced (WGS84) Geological map of the Fennoscandian Shield 1:2 000 000 is included in the product.
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Geothermal energy potential: 300 m geoenergy potential
The 300 m geoenergy potential dataset comprises two raster maps that provide computational estimates of (1) the stored thermal energy, and (2) the renewable heating power extractable from a 300 m deep borehole. The maps show the areal availability and variation of the geoenergy potential.
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Geothermal energy potential: deep geothermal energy potential
The Deep Geothermal Energy Potential dataset describes the theoretical amount of thermal energy stored in the uppermost 10 000 meters of the Finnish bedrock. The thermal energy amount was calculated for the six depth intervals up to 10 000 meters within which the average temperature is 70 degrees Celsius or higher: 4-5 km, 5-6 km, 6-7 km, 7-8 km, 8-9 km, and 9-10 km. The dataset comprises six raster datasets that provide theoretical estimates of the amount of geothermal energy stored in the Finnish bedrock. The maps display the spatial variation of deep geothermal energy potential in terawatt hours at different depth intervals. In addition, a map illustrating the depth where the bedrock reaches one hundred degrees Celsius was produced.
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Geothermal energy potential: groundwater energy potential
The data describes theoretical heating power which can be sustainably utilised from Finnish classified aquifers under urban or other active land use. Heating power calculations are based on the average groundwater temperatures from the years 2000 to 2007 and estimated natural recharge value, i.e. the maximum sustainable yield, of classified aquifers under active land use.
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Geothermal energy potential: medium-deep (2 km) geothermal energy potential
The medium-deep geothermal energy potential of Finland presents a quantitative estimate of thermal energy yield (MWh/year) that can be extracted from the ground through a two-kilometre-deep coaxial borehole heat exchanger (BHE), and its regional variation. The data is a technical potential, which considers the technical parameters of the coaxial BHE and the geological conditions that affect the geothermal energy yield.
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Glacial features
The glacial features dataset shows Finland’s glacial features. The features dataset includes e.g. eskers, deltas, interlobate and marginal deposits, drumlins, flutings, transverse moraine (till) deposits, hummocky moraine, littoral deposits and erosional crescent throughs and erosional valleys classified as through valleys. Classification is primarily based on geomorphology and the geological processes have been taken into consideration with classification. The dataset has been produced since 2015 and is continually further refined with ongoing data collection processes. The dataset is based on interpretation and existing data.
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Glaciofluvial deposit modelling
Glaciofluvial deposit modelling -data contains interpolated models (bedrock and groundwater surfaces, digital elevation model) and thickness calculations based on above-mentioned models (aquifer thickness, thickness of seepage water zone and thickness of overburden). Glaciofluvial depost modelling-projects focuses on classified aquifers and they have been conducted since the mid-1990s in co-operation projects. The data is suitable for planning on the general level e.g. land use planning and groundwater protection.
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Ground Investigations
The Ground Investigation Register contains ground investigations, most of which are road, railway and waterway investigations from Finland owned by the Finnish Transport Agency. Register also contains investigations owned by the Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment and cities. Ground investigations mainly are weight soundings. There is also other kind of ground investigation information such as laboratory measurements in the register. Investigations can be downloaded in Infraformat either in the original coordinates or ETRS-TM35FIN. Coordinate transformations are based on the formula of the National Land Survey of Finland. Finnish Transport Agency's ground investigations in the service include both basic information and the actual measurement data. Only basic data (location etc.) without measurements is given in the register of some owners.
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Ground geophysical surveys, GTK
Ground geophysical surveys gtk includes the ground geophysical survey areas done by GTK. The data set contains both profiles and systematic surveys. The data has been collected for exploration purposes. The downloadable product contains only the basic information, the purchasable data (measurements) inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Ground geophysical surveys, OKU
Ground geophysical surveys oku includes the ground geophysical survey areas done by Outokumpu Mining Oy. The data set contains both profiles and systematic surveys. The data has been collected for exploration purposes. The downloadable product contains only the basic information, the purchasable data (measurements) inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Groundwater vulnerability
The data provides an overview of the vulnerability sensitivity of Finnish aquifer areas. The vulnerability assessment was carried out using the DRASTIC method, which is intended for the general examination of the groundwater pollution potential resulting from the natural geological and hydrogeological conditions of an aquifer body. Vulnerability is divided into five categories describing vulnerability potential: very low (<64), low (64-104), moderate (104-145), high (145-185) and very high (>185). The method considers hydrogeological parameters that affect the vertical movement of water from the ground surface to the groundwater. The resolution of the raster is 200 m.
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High altitude aeromagnetic data of Finland
Original grid values are based on digitized magnetic anomaly maps of Finland on a 1 km x 1 km grid (First National Airborne Mapping Programme 1951-1972,relative anomalies by flux-gate instrumentation). Relative values were further made absolute by tying with long profiles flown 40 km apart from each other(Tie line survey 1968-69, proton magnetometer instrumentation). The profiles were reduced to 1965.0 using Geomagnetic data at Finnish observatories of Nurmijärvi and Sodankylä, and a moving base station for short term corrections. Magnetic anomaly was calculated by subtracting IGRF1965 from absolute values of F in 1965.0. Later on anomaly definition was changed to DGRF-1965.
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INSPIRE GE Geology / GeomorphologicFeature (Superficial deposits 1:20 000 / 1:50 000)
The product contains the information about the superficial deposits of Finland classified in accordance with the data product specification of the INSPIRE directive and its geology application scheme in GML-vector format. The product is based on Superficial deposits 1:20 000 / 1:50 000 -data. The abstract geomorphologic feature supertype consists of two featuretypes AnthropogenicGeomorphologicFeature and NaturalGeomorphologicFeature. Changes to the content and structure of the data product are still possible as the first version 1.0 of the data product is under developing still during 2020.
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INSPIRE GE Geology / GeomorphologicFeature (Superficial deposits of Finland 1:1 000 000)
The product contains the information about the superficial deposits of Finland classified in accordance with the data product specification of the INSPIRE directive and its geology application scheme in GML-vector format. The product is based on Superficial deposits of Finland 1:1 000 000 data. The abstract geomorphologic feature supertype consists of two featuretypes AnthropogenicGeomorphologicFeature and NaturalGeomorphologicFeature. Superficial deposits of Finland 1:1 000 000 is originally classified according to their mode of geological development, so the data doesn’t fit to anthropogenic geomorphologic-classification and for this reason the anthropogenic geomorphologic-table has not been populated. Changes to the content and structure of the data product are still possible as the first version 1.0 of the data product is under developing still during 2020.
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INSPIRE GE Geology Borehole
The product contains the information about the bedrock drilling of Finland classified in accordance with the INSPIRE directive and its geology application scheme (GeologyCore 4.0) in vector format. The data product is based on GTK's bedrock drilling data (KP.Drilling_target and KP.DFDS_C_Lithology). The data is point data. The geology information is chargeable, so that information is not included in the product. In some cases the data sets are not commensurable and information on the quality of the data is partly lacking, that material is not used in this context at all. Changes to the content and structure of the data product are still possible as the first version 1.0 of the data product is under developing still during 2020.
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Investigated peatland areas
The data set relating to overall mapping of national peat resources contains peatland areas over 20 ha since 1975. Data contains the information on mire name and research year for each mire. Other information (mire type, peat type, peat reserves, peat physical properties, mires that are suitable for peat production, peat quality and exploitable peat reserves) is published in municipality-specific peat investigation reports that present general information on each mire investigated and their applicability to energy, horticultural and environmental peat production as well as to conservation purposes, among other uses.
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Isotope data of Finnish bedrock
This product contains published isotope results from Finland, which comprise predominantly U-Pb zircon data produced at the Geological Survey of Finland since 1964. The information given in the "Published age determinations" section consists of location data, rock type, minerals analysed, method, age data, references and comments. The "Published Sm-Nd isotope data" gives data in standard format, predominantly produced at GTK since 1981.
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Isotopes in groundwater
Isotopes in groundwater contains the isotopic composition of oxygen and hydrogen in Finnish groundwater and precipitation. Majority of the dataset base on the isotope records of groundwater collected in the GTK’s “One thousand well” (1999) and “Monitoring of groundwater quality” (1995 - 2007) -projects. One time and monitoring type sampling data is also included. The monitoring data is given as an average of the sampling occasions including standard deviation and maximum and minimum values. The long-term monthly and annual weighted mean values for the isotopic composition of oxygen and hydrogen in the monthly cumulative precipitation are presented. The monthly amount of precipitation were used for the weighting the isotope values. On the basis of the Personal Data Act and Personal Data File Decree, the data is confidential information, which restricts the use, distribution and publishing of the data. The location of points has been generalized in Lähde-web map application.
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Land cover of peat extraction areas in Finland 1.0/2023
The dataset contains distribution of peat extraction area land cover classes in raster format covering the entire country of Finland. The data is in 10 x 10 meter pixel format, where the value of each pixel represents the classified land cover (peat covered, vegetated, tree covered, and water covered areas). The dataset reflects the land cover on former and current peat extraction areas in year 2019 (±1 year). The information is generated with machine learning modelling based on remote sensing and spatial data. Models have been trained with reference data interpreted from aerial photographs. The data includes abandoned/rehabilitated peat extraction areas and ones which are still in active use. The dataset is applicable for land use planning and monitoring of peat extraction area after-use. The current version of the dataset is not applicable for monitoring land cover change by itself, because it only represents the land cover class at one instance in time.
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Layman samples
Dataset contains boulder and outcrop information of GTK and Outokumpu Oy layman samples. The layman sample data has been saved into database format since 1989.
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Lineaments 1:500 000
Lineaments 500k is a line interpretation of linear formations on the surface of the Earth, that reflect Quaternary formations and bedrock structures. The main purpose of the interpretation is to identify potential brittle bedrock structures. The source data used for the interpretation are a LIght Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) -based hillshaded ground elevation model, a seabed elevation model and several aerogeophysical rasters. Furthermore, an integrated dataset was created from the above-mentioned individual source interpretations and all interpretations, separate and integrated, are available. The interpretation is performed at a single scale of observation with the representative fraction of 1:500 000. The data can be used for a preliminary mapping of bedrock structures, such as shear and fault zones, that directly influence bedrock fracturing at a regional scale.
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Marine habitats
Marine habitats dataset includes the outcome of modelling that was carried out for the Finnish Inventory Programme for the Underwater Marine Environment (VELMU) in the spring of 2015. The modeling was done as a collaboration between the Åbo Akademi and the Geological Survey of Finland. The aim was to model reefs and sandbanks, the marine habitats that are included in the Annex 1 of the Habitats Directive. Both of these habitats are defined on the basis of topography and seabed substrate and can be overlain in marine areas. The dataset covers Finnish marine areas except for the restricted areas, where the data has been deleted.
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Metallogenic areas of the Fennoscandian Shield
Metallogenic areas of the Fennoscandian Shield shows the extent of presently known metallogenic areas in the Nordic countries and northwestern Russia, defined by the presence of metal mines, deposits, favourable bedrock geology, and by indications from geophysical and geochemical surveys. The following metals are included: Ag, Au, Be, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rh, REE, Sc, Sn, Ta, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Zn and Zr. There are 168 major metallogenic areas within Fennoscandia: 47 in Finland, 40 in Norway, 40 in Russia, and 41 in Sweden. These include 24 areas that cross national borders. Note. As of February 24, 2022, the data regarding Russia has been removed for the time being.
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Metamorphism 1:1 000 000
Metamorphism 1:1 000 000 is a unified dataset covering the whole Finland. The dataset consists of several layers representing temporally different metamorphic stages which are prepeak, peak (temperature maximum), overprint and second overprint, all is a same feature dataset. The boundary layers represent the changes in metamorphic grade: isograds, postmetamorphic shear zones and temporal unconformities. The layer files of English language are included in the product.
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Mineral deposits
Mineral Deposits product shows all the mineral deposits and occurrences of Finland. All Deposits –layer contains all deposits classified by the primary commodity. Deposits are also classified into separate map layers by end use potential of the main commodities. Symbol style and size are defined by the main commodity and size of the deposit. Total amounts of commodities in deposit are calculated from the latest resource/reserve estimate and total production. Mineral Deposits -product is extracted from the GTK’s Mineral Deposit database and it contains simplified information of the deposits: name and alternative names, coordinates, commodities, occurrence type, mine status, discovery year, total amounts of commodities, latest resource/reserve estimate, current holder of the deposit, metallogenic province and district, genetic type of the deposits, host and wall rocks, shape of the deposit, orientation and dimensions.
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Mineral deposits of the Nordic Countries
The mineral deposits of the Nordic Countries indicates all metal and industrial mineral mines as well as mineral deposits in Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, Greenland). Data contains over 1500 metal ore deposits and almost 500 industrial mineral deposits. Data contains information also about operating mines, closed and historical mines as well as unexploited deposits. Data product contains the original databases also in MS Access and MS excel formats. Note. As of February 24, 2022, the data regarding Russia has been removed for the time being.
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Mineral prospectivity modelling
Mineral prospectivity modelling is a method of mineral potential mapping based on spatial analysis of data sets. The aim of the modelling is to define the most potential areas for mineral exploration Geophysical, geochemical, and geological data as well as remote sensing data can be used as model input material. The method is based on quantitative analysis of data and numerical modelling. Weights of evidence, logistic regression, neural networks, self-organizing maps, fuzzy logic overlay or other machine learning related methods are often used as computational models.
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Mines
Mines product shows active, closed and historic mines of Finland and also mines which are under development. All mines –layer contains mines classified by the primary product and mine status. Mines are also classified into separate map layers by deposit group: metallic and industrial mineral mines. Symbol style and size are defined by the main product, mine status and size of the deposit. Mines -product is extracted from the GTK’s Mineral Deposit database and it contains following information: mine name and alternative names, coordinates, mine status, current holder of the mine, start and end years of mining, total years mined, main product, size of the deposit, total production, total ore and waste rock mined, all commodities of the deposit and latest resource/reserve estimate.
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Mires and peatlands
Mires and peatlands map service offers information on the mire and peatland land use and peat resources surveyed by GTK. The service allows users to view regional summaries from administrative regions (data produced by GTK, the National Land Survey of Finland and Finnish Environment Institution) or to view the information of a single surveyed mire area (data produced by GTK).
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National drill core archive
National drill core archive database contains geographical information for over 32 000 deep drill holes that are stored to Loppi national drill core archive
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National petrophysics
The measurement register contains results for density, magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetisation. All measurement results are associated with a rock identification based on a preliminary name given by the sample collector in the field and a later examination by a geologist. The measurement data covers the whole of Finland. The average sampling density is 39/100 km2, and the total number of samples is approximately 130 000. The location data of the oldest samples collected during bedrock surveys is picked from 1:20 000 scale base maps. The location of the newest samples has been determined with a GPS device
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Peatland fertility level of Finland 1.0/2023
The dataset contains information general distribution and occurrence of peatlands fertility levels and their drainage state covering the entire country of Finland. The data is in 10 x 10 meter pixel format rasterdata, where the value of each pixel represents the classified peatland site type or land use class, and their drainage state. The information in the database is generated with machine learning modelling based on remote sensing and spatial data and their training with field observed reference data of site types and peatland land use classes. The data provides an overview of the distribution and occurrence of the peatland site types regionally in Finland, and it is not applicable to small-scale detailed examinations. The users should get acquainted themselves with the accuracy measures of the thematic site type information to assess the applicability of the data to specific applications.
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Peatland site types of Finland 1.0/2023
The dataset contains general distribution and occurrence of peatland site types and their drainage state covering the entire country of Finland. The data is in 10 x 10 meter pixel format rasterdata, where the value of each pixel represents the classified peatland site type or land use class, and their drainage state. The information in the database is generated with machine learning modelling based on remote sensing and spatial data and their training with field observed reference data of site types and peatland land use classes. The data provides an overview of the distribution and occurrence of the peatland site types regionally in Finland, and it is not applicable to small-scale detailed examinations. The users should get acquainted themselves with the accuracy measures of the thematic site type information to assess the applicability of the data to specific applications.
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Permissive areas for mineral deposits
Permissive tracts are areas where geology permits certain types of mineral deposits to exist. Each deposit type has a layer that consists of several separate geographic areas. Each permissive tract contains information on the number of possibly existing mineral deposits and their metal contents in metric tons, estimated at several levels of probability.
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Quality of well waters
The quality of well waters -data are based on measurements and analysis results from groundwater of ”One thousand wells” and ” Five hundred wells” -projects covering the entire nation. Water samples have been taken from well drilled into bedrock, wells of surficial deposits (dugwell, captured spring, groundwater tube) and springs in summer 1999 (1000 wells) and in 2000-2001 (500 wells). The statistical variables in the concentrations and properties of the well waters have been calculated from the data separately for the downloadable product. The coordinates are not included. On the basis of the General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR, the groundwater data is confidential information, which restricts the use, distribution and publishing of the data. When using the groundwater data, the precise location of a well or natural spring in private use must not be revealed, therefore the product has a limited visibility and generalized coordinates in Lähde -web map application.
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Regional gravity surveys
The purchasable product includes the regional gravity survey data covering whole Finland. In the early 1970's the Geological Survey began regional gravity surveys in which station density has varied from 1 to 8 per square km. The data covers about 30 % of Finland's land area. Data is suitable especially for ore exploration and bedrock mapping. The tailored data delivering by customized area selection inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Regional gravity surveys extent
In the early 1970's the Geological Survey began regional gravity surveys in which station density has varied from 1 to 8 per square km. The data covers about 30 % of Finland's land area. Data is suitable especially for ore exploration and bedrock mapping. The downloadable product contains only the extent of measurement stations (coordinates and dates). The purchasable data (absolute gravity values, Bouguer anomalies etc.) inquiries at geodata@gtk.fi.
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Regional stream sediment geochemistry
Regional stream sediment mapping data contains information on organic and mineral samples and the geochemical analyses related to them. Sampling was done by GTK during 1971-1985 and it contains approximately 156 000 samples. Stream sediment signifies as organic or mineral material stratified to streaming water while continuously below water-level. The purpose of the sampling was to survey distribution of elements in bedrock and in soil.
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Regional till geochemistry
Regional till geochemistry describes the distribution of 25 elements in basal till. The sampled material was chemically unchanged C-horizon till preferably under the water table. The average sampling depth was approximately 1.5-2 m. Sampling was done during years 1983-1991. The sampling density was one sample per 4 km2. The whole country was covered by the till sampling and the total amount of samples is 82062. The samples were collected as composite of 3-5 subsamples. The coordinates of each sample are calculated based on coordinates of these 3-5 subsamples. Part of the subsamples are originally from targeting till geochemical sampling. From dried samples the < 0.06 mm fraction was sieved for analysis. From hot aqua regia assay abundances of 25 elements were determined. The primary aim of the geochemical mapping program was to produce data for mineral exploration.
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Rock geochemical data of Finland
The Rock Geochemical Data of Finland contains the total and partial concentrations of 57 elements in the bedrock of Finland analysed using several different methods. The data cover the whole Finland and consist of 6544 samples taken by a mini-drill with the sampling density between one sample per 30 km2 and one sample per 120 km2. In addition to the chemical concentrations, the data include information on the quality of the chemical analyses, geographic location and several geological attributes for each sample. The packed file contains the geochemical data in ESRI File Geodatabase and MS Excel 2003 formats, as well as a detailed user manual as a PDF file.
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Seabed geological profile
The use of seabed profile data requires a license. The licensing authority is The Finnish Defence Forces Defence Command. To acquire a licence, please contact Defence Command Finland, Fabianinkatu 2, P.O. BOX 919, 00131 Helsinki. Seabed profile data is the interpretation of an acoustic profile in tabular form. The table consists of coordinates (X,Y) and depths (Z) to seabed and to top of the interpreted sediment layers. Coordinates and depths are in meters. The distance between data points along a profile can be chosen freely, for example every 1 m or every 20 m.
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Seabed hard and soft substrate 1:250 000
Seabed hard and soft substrate 1:250 000 dataset supplements the marine geological dataset that the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK) has produced in areas, where actual seabed surveys have not been implemented. The dataset includes two substrate classes, hard and soft substrates. The hard substrate includes seabed materials from bedrock to gravel and the soft substrate materials from gyttja to sand. The dataset is based on statistical analysis of marine geological data (GTK, SYKE, Metsähallitus) and spatial datasets on environmental parameters as well as expert judgement. It is produced for the Finnish Inventory Programme for the Underwater Marine Environment (VELMU). At its best, the data is on the scale of 1:250 000 and areas smaller than 0.3 km² have been deleted. The data from the restricted areas have been erased as well.
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Seabed remote sensing
The product compiles seabed remote sensing situation since the 1960s. The data includes spatial data and metadata related to each survey line, mainly based on the data produced by the Geological Survey of Finland
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Seabed samples
The seabed samples -product compiles seabed samples information since 1985 onwards. The data includes geographic data and metadata related to each sample, mainly based on the data produced by the Geological Survey of Finland.
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Seabed substrate 1:1 000 000
Seabed substrate 1:1 000 000 is one of the products produced in the EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology EU project. Project provided seabed geological material from the European maritime areas. The project collects and harmonizes geological data from the European sea areas to support decision-making and sustainable marine spatial planning. This data includes the EMODnet seabed substrate map at a scale of 1:1 000 000 from the Finnish marine areas. It is based on the data produced on a scale of 1:20 000 by the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK). The data has been harmonized and reclassified into five Folk substrate classes (clay + silt (mud), sandy clays, clayey sands, coarse sediments, mixed sediments) and bedrock. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. The data have been generalized into a target scale (1:1 000 000). The smallest cartographic unit within the data is 4 km2.
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Seabed substrate 1:1 000 000 – Europe
Seabed substrate 1:1 000 000 - is one of the products of the EMODnet Geology included in the EU -funded European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet). The EMODnet aims to assemble marine data, products and metadata to make these fragmented resources more available to public and private users relying on quality-assured, standardised and harmonised marine data which are interoperable and free of restrictions on use. This dataset includes the seabed substrate data at a scale of 1:1 000 000 from the European marine areas. The national classifications of European countries are harmonized into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. The data has been generalized into a target scale. The smallest cartographic unit within the data is 4 km2.
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Seabed substrate 1:100 000
Seabed substrate 1:100 000 is produced in the EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology III EU project. The Project provided seabed geological material from the European maritime areas. The project collects and harmonizes geological data from the European sea areas to support decision-making and sustainable marine spatial planning. This data includes the EMODnet seabed substrate map at a scale of 1:100 000 from the Finnish marine areas. It is based on the data produced on a scale of 1:20 000 by the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK). The data has been harmonized and reclassified into five Folk substrate classes (clay + silt (mud), sandy clays, clayey sands, coarse sediments, mixed sediments) and bedrock. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. The data have been generalized into a target scale (1:100 000). The smallest cartographic unit within the data is 0.05 km2 (5 hectares).
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Seabed substrate 1:20 000
The use of marine geological mapping data requires a license. The licensing authority is The Finnish Defence Forces Defence Command. To acquire a licence, please contact Defence Command Finland, Fabianinkatu 2, P.O. BOX 919, 00131 Helsinki. The 1:20 000 marine geology data set contains material produced from the 1970s onwards for the planning of sea floor use, for the research and inventory of resources, for the management of the marine environment and for scientific research. In the material, a topmost surface sediment is clearly distinguishable in the sounding data (the upper layer of the sea floor about 0.5-1 m in thickness). The minimum areal size of the surface sediment pattern is usually 20 x 20 metres. Besides the surface sediments, the data set displays variably developed geological sites and formations such as gaseous sediments, dredging and dumping areas, pockmarks, boulders and ripple marks.
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Seabed substrate 1:250 000
Seabed substrate 1:250 000 is one of the products produced in the EMODnet Geology EU project. Project provided seabed geological material from the European maritime areas. The EMODnet (European Marine Observation and Data network) Geology project collects and harmonizes marine geological data from the European sea areas to support decision-making and sustainable marine spatial planning. This data includes the EMODnet seabed substrate map at a scale of 1:250 000 from the Finnish marine areas. It is based on the data produced on a scale of 1:20 000 by the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK). The data has been harmonized and reclassified into five Folk substrate classes (mud, sandy clays, clayey sands, coarse sediments, mixed sediments) and bedrock. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. The data have been generalized into a target scale (1:250 000). The smallest smallest cartographic unit within the data is 0.3 km2 (30 hectares).
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Seabed substrate 1:250 000 – Europe
Seabed substrate 1: 250 000 - is one of the products of the EMODnet Geology included in the EU -funded European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet). The EMODnet aims to assemble marine data, products and metadata to make these fragmented resources more available to public and private users relying on quality-assured, standardised and harmonised marine data which are interoperable and free of restrictions on use. This dataset includes the seabed substrate data at a scale of 1: 250 000 from the European marine areas. The national classifications of European countries are harmonized into a shared EMODnet schema using Folk's sediment triangle with a hierarchy of 16, 7 and 5 substrate classes. The data describes the seabed substrate from the uppermost 30 cm of the sediment column. The data has been generalized into a target scale. The smallest cartographic unit within the data is 0.3 km2.
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Seismic reflection profiles FIRE
In the FIRE-project (Finnish Reflection Experiment), more than 2000 km of seismic reflection profiles were measured during years 2001-2005. FIRE-profiles yield information on the structures in the Finnish bedrock down to the depths of 80 km. The measurement consisted of a total of 362 active channels at 50 m intervals. The source points were located at 100 m intervals. Processed profiles have CMP interval of 25 m. Additionally to crustal seismic profiles, high resolution reflection seismic profiles were acquired in the Outokumpu and Suhanko areas during the FIRE-project. In these soundings receiver spacing was 25 m, shot point interval 50 m and average CMP interval 12.5 m. These data provide information about subsurface structures down to the depth of approximately 10 km. The seismic data is stored in the international standard format as SEG-Y files. The data is available as final processed profiles. Profiles are also available as image files ready to be used for interpretation.
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Seismic reflection profiles HIRE
GTK carried out a significant reflection seismic project called HIRE (High Resolution Reflection Seismics for Ore Exploration) between 2007 and 2010. In the project, seismic reflection soundings were carried out in co-operation with companies at 16 different sites around Finland. At these sites, several intersecting profiles were measured, which enable 3D interpretation of the reflectors. From the study areas, information was obtained on bedrock structures to a depth of more than 5 km. The measurements included a total of 402 active channels at intervals of 12.5 meters. The source points were located at intervals of 25 or 50 meters. Vibroseis trucks and explosions were employed as sources depending on the local circumstances. The price for the intended profile can be seen by selecting the measurement line with the area selection tool.
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Soil geochemical baselines
In Finland, a Government Decree on the Assessment of Soil Contamination and Remediation Needs has generated a need for reliable and readily accessible data on geochemical baseline concentrations in Finnish soils. According to the Decree, baseline concentrations, referring both to the natural geological background concentrations and the diffuse anthropogenic input of substances, shall be taken into account in the soil contamination assessment process. This baseline information is provided in a national geochemical baseline database, TAPIR, that is publicly available via the Internet.
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Statistical parameters of geochemical baselines
Regional geochemical baseline values, presented as upper limit of geochemical variation within the region, can be used as trigger values to assess potential soil contamination. Baseline values have also been used to determine upper and lower guideline values that must be taken into account as a tool in basic risk assessment. If regional geochemical baseline values are available, the national guideline values prescribed in the Decree based on ecological risks can be modified accordingly. The national geochemical baseline database provides scientifically sound, easily accessible and generally accepted information on the baseline values, and it can be used in various environmental applications.
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Stratum data for superficial deposits
The stratum data for superficial deposits is based on the observation database of superficial deposit. The stratum data for superficial deposits product comprises general information about the observation site, sequence of strata interpretation/ strata data of the superficial deposit, and the boundary layers of strata in relation to drilling, sounding, test pits, sections and probing points. The dataset comprises overburden observations conducted using probing (mp_pintamaahavainto) and observation data pertaining to drill holes, test pits and sections (mp_havaintotieto). Photographs (mp_valokuva) and observation forms (mp_havaintolomake) are in separate point layers. The bedrock surface level (mp_kallionpinnan_taso) contains the heights/depths (MASL / m) of bedrock surfaces, as data that has been interpreted, measured or estimated.
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Striations
Striations -product contains the observations of striations on the bedrock surface formed at different ice movement stages. The data contains the spatial information, direction and measured relative ages of the striations at the same observation point. The direction of striation is announced as a compass reading from the incoming direction of the ice sheet.
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Superficial deposit thickness 1:1 000 000
The Superficial deposits thickness indicates the thickness of the unconsolidated material deposited over the bedrock. The Superficial deposits thickness 1:1 000 000 data is presented as polygon information. The data is classified to five thickness classes < 1m, < 10 m, <30 m, < 50 m and > 50m. The Superficial deposits thickness data is used for instance defining the geoenergy potential in Finland. The Superficial deposits thickness is based on the interpretation of Superficial deposits of Finland 1:1 000 000. The interpretations have been expanded upon bedrock surface data from the geological, geophysical and geotechnical surveys. The purpose of the product is designed to demonstrate the variation in thickness of Quaternary-age superficial deposits across Finland. Without further information, The Superficial deposits thickness data should not be considered for uses that require detailed information without making further investigations.
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Superficial deposits 1:100 000
Superficial deposits 1:100 000 presents superficial deposits as geological glacial and glaciofluvial, eolian, fluvial and beach deposits as well as superficial deposit type areas at a depth of about one metre. Bedrock at or near surface less than one metre thick are shown also. Relatively thin but extensive surface layers have been indicated by overprinting symbols. The thickness of the superficial deposits was 0.5-0.9 m excluding peat layers, where it was 0.3-0.5 m. In fieldwork, accuracy in positioning mapped observations and polygons was always a function of the correctness of the data in use. Digitized superficial deposits map sheets 1:100 000 completes the unmapped areas of superficial deposits 1:20 000 over Southern Finland.
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Superficial deposits 1:20 000 / 1:50 000
Superficial deposits 1:20 000 / 1:50 000 include material / data for land use planning, for the mapping and inventory of the natural resources as well as for environmental management and for scientific research. The data covers approximately about 37% of the area of Finland. The main mapping scale has been 1:10 000. The data contains a sediment as a basal deposit at a depth of one metre (modified RT-classification). The minimum size of the basal deposit polygon is two hectares, with islands, mire and field enclosures, as well as geologically significant sites as an exception. The 0.4 - 0.9 m thick layers are described as overlying the basal deposit. The minimum polygon size of the overlying deposit is usually four hectares. Besides the deposits Quaternary geological formations formed in different ways, such as eskers and hummocky moraines, are described in the data. Other mapping sites such dunes and raised beaches are shown as line data.
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Superficial deposits of Finland 1:1 000 000
Superficial deposits of Finland 1:1000 000 present the sediments which are classified according to their mode of geological development. The deposit classes are pre-Quaternary bedrock exposures, various Quaternary deposits and landforms. The minimum size of the deposit polygon is generally one square kilometre. The most common deposit type in the area is shown in the polygon. In places, deposits smaller than a square kilometre that are significant from a Quaternary perspective have been noted. As a rule, the narrowest point of the deposit polygon was 0.5 km and in important cases, for example on eskers, 0.3 km. As an exception, the size of small eskers has been exaggerated. The layer files of Finnish and English language are included in the product.
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Superficial deposits of Finland 1:200 000 (sediment polygons)
Superficial deposits of Finland 1:200 000 (sediment polygon) contains data produced from the whole of Finland during the period 2002-2009. The mapping scale has been 1:50 000 – 1:200 000. In compiling the medium-scale data set, generalised 1:20 000, 1:50 000 and 1:100 000 Quaternary base maps have been used and a new map product at a scale of 1:200 000 that is based on interpretation and field mapping. The minimum size of the sediment polygons is about six hectares. The blanketing peat overburden has been described / classified in the new map product as a peat-covered area (0 – 0.3 m of peat), thin peat (0.3 – 0.6 m of peat) and thick peat (over 0.6 m of peat). Peat, peat-covered areas, stone fields and uncovered bedrock areas have been added to the new production map by generalising the corresponding polygons in the terrain database of the National Land Survey of Finland (NLS). The layer files of Finnish and English language are included in the product.
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Surface geology of Finland 1:1 000 000 OneGeology - Europe
The Surface Geology Map of Finland was produced for the OneGeology-Europe Project by digitising the 1993 edition of the Quaternary map of Finland and by including data from the 2001 Geological map of the Fennoscandian Shield for those localities that were marked as an area of rock exposure on the Quaternary map. The aim of the OneGeology-Europe Project has been to create a harmonized digital map data set covering Europe. The data set includes Quaternary and bedrock units as areas and tectonic features as lines. Impact craters on the Geological Map of the Fennoscandian Shield are shown as areas. The data set has been reclassified in accordance with the data set specifications given by OneGeology-Europe. On the basis of recent radiometric age determinations, the lithological data set in the map database was re-edited and regrouped in 2009-2010. This has been done with the Geological Surveys of Sweden (SGU) and Norway (NGU) to meet the needs of the OneGeology-Europe project.
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Targeting till geochemistry
Targeting till geochemistry contains information on soil sampling and geochemical analyses related to them. Sampling was done by GTK during 1971-1983 and it contains approximately 385 000 samples. Sampling was done discretionarily by 1:100 000 map sheets in lines. Sample material is mainly glacial till, but also weathered bedrock, graded sediments and their mixed variants are included. The sampling strategy was suspended before the sampling covered the whole country. The purpose of the sampling was to survey distribution of elements in bedrock and in soil.
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Training material of geophysics
Training material of geophysics contains exploration data of Kevitsa mineral deposit (drill holes and geophysics) and research data of groundwater basin in Ilola-Kukkolanharju area (soil drilling, ground penetrating radar, particle size analysis, ground water level observations, gravity). Data is collected by GTK. Purpose of the data product is educational use.
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Young faults and landslides
Young faults and landslides are the collection of classificated Late and postglacial surface ruptures and landslides in Finland. The observations are based on LiDAR DEMs, geophysical measurements, drilling and field studies. Observations have been collected from literature (reports and peer-reviewed papers), thematic maps produced by GTK and Posiva Oy, and oral accounts. The delineation and calculation of faults and landslides is based on LiDAR DEMs (National Land Survey of Finland).
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